We present a case of a 38-year-old morrocan man recently returned from Niger, where he had been successfully treated for cerebral falciparum malaria infection with a high parasitemia of Plasmodium falciparum. He was admitted to our hospital since his consciousness level rapidly deteriorated with ataxia and a generalised tonic–clonic seizure despite the parasitemia was cleared by artesun by day 7. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis (69 cells/mL) and hyperproteinorrhachia (137 mg/dL). Brain MRI was unremarkable and EEG revelead focal epileptic anomalies in centrotemporal. PCR testing for neurotropic viruses was negative as were CSF and blood cultures. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone and acyclovir. Steroid therapy was initiated on day 8. Subsequently, the neurological manifestations improved and he was discharged on day 21 without any sequelae. We believe post-malaria neurological syndrome (PMNS), a rare self-limited encephalopathy, that should be strongly considered in patients with recent history of malaria and present with neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Purpose: An observational study was done on 240 patients (140 male and 10 female) to assess sexual dimorphism and its correlation with age in the size of third ventricle of human brain in North-west Ethiopia adult population.

Methods: The study was conducted between January 2019 and June 2019 in the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Written consent was taken. The computed tomographic measurements of third ventricular height and width were performed on both genders.

Results: Two – tailed t-test analysis indicated no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between mean third ventricle size (height and width) of male and female subjects. In all measurements, the mean third ventricle size of male was greater than female.

Conclusion: This study provided the normal reference value and range of adult third ventricle size in both genders for the adults of Northwest Ethiopia, which will be crucial for clinical assessment of ventriculomegaly under any pathological conditions.

Oxidative stress play a major role in the cause of many diseases including neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's to maintain homeostasis between free radicles and antioxidants. certain pathways protect the nerve cell and release antioxidants to reduces oxidative stress. Nrf2 activation has a promising therapeutic effect on many diseases including neuroprotection by releasing more than 250cytoprotective genes and also known as the master regulatory pathway of Antioxidants. SIRTUIN 3 activation releases Antioxidants genes SOD2, catalase to reduces ROS and increase mitochondrial biogenesis. AMPK activation promotes autophagy by ULK1 and activatesPGC-1alpha which is the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Heat shock protein activation promotes chaperonmediated autophagy and macroautophagy to perform neuroprotection against accumulated protein.

Most of the studies were based on the sciatic nerve rather than the facial nerve. In this narrative review, we evaluated the results of different types of stem cells, various types of biomaterials/scaffolds for fabricating tissue-engineered nerve including natural, synthetic hybrid polymers, and in combination with different growth factors. We have also reviewed whether stem cell-based tissue-engineering promotes regeneration of facial nerve in the most recent and the most relevant studies to treat facial nerve injury that can help newcomers acquainted themselves with the field of tissue engineering.

This article takes a dual look at how the migraine brain works, and more specifically at the problem of photophobia: both from the point of view of brain function, and from the ophthalmological point of view. Our approach is supported by the study of visual evoked potentials and by clinical studies in the literature.